The purpose of the project is to remove invasive American mink from Lincolnshire, to protect endangered water voles and other native wildlife and allow their populations to recover. The post-holder ...

We are looking for a confident and enthusiastic Land Advisor to work with the Wilder Northumberland Network to support land managers and encourage sustainable land management by offering ...

The local charity, Habitats & Heritage, is seeking a part time environment officer to help engage local groups and residents with initiatives connected to environment and nature. Types of work you ...

Do you have a track record of working in the landscape, land management, nature conservation or climate sectors? Do you have experience of partnership working, relationship building, project ...

We are looking for an experienced and motivated community engagement professional to take a leading role in the Development Phase of Chalk Streams in the City, an exciting National Lottery Heritage ...

Are you passionate about connecting people with nature and empowering communities to protect rivers? Do you have experience delivering engaging volunteering and citizen science programmes that inspire ...

Fife Coast and Countryside Trust (FCCT) are seeking a Field Advisor or advisory team to join the Dreel Burn Investment Readiness Partnership in Developing Farm Transition Plans for a Sustainable ...

Buglife - The Invertebrate Conservation Trust is looking for a motivated and skilled Campaign Officer to join our expanding Advocacy and Social Change team. In this role, you’ll lead the charge on a ...

Are you a highly organised, self-motivated, creative problem solver looking to develop your administrative and facilities management skills? Would you like to work at one of the RSPB's flagship ...

The Woodland Trust is looking for a Support Services Administrator to join our team. This is a 12 month fixed term contract. In this role, you will be primarily responsible for handling calls, emails, ...

As a nature recovery advisor, you'll develop and implement management plans for shooting estates and other rural land, providing technical guidance, forging partnerships and advocating for sustainable ...

How would you like to be at the cutting edge of delivering a variety of practical land management solutions across a wide range of some of the most sensitive, protected and treasured sites throughout ...

We're looking for a Nature Recovery Officer to join our team to help deliver actions and targets of our Hedges and Edges Nature Recovery Project. This will require significant work in the ...

We are looking for a Administrator (Science Division) to keep administration matters running smoothly across the Science team. In this role, you will be helping the Chief Scientist manage their time ...

We are looking for an exceptional research advisor to manage the end to end delivery of material flow and carbon footprint analysis as part of ReLondon’s research and data analytics work to inform the ...

As Chief of Staff to the CEO, you will be a strategic partner and trusted advisor, playing a pivotal role in driving EJF’s mission forward during an exciting period of growth and global impact. You ...

A Senior Environmental Advisor vacancy has arisen within our fast-growing company based at our Head Office in Skegness. This is an exciting opportunity for a successful candidate to join our Quality, ...

Do you have a strong interest in ecology and catchment/river restoration? Are you ready to play a key role in ensuring all environmental aspects of projects are managed from design to ...

We are looking for an enthusiastic and skilled Engagement Officer to inspire communities across Powys and Bannau Brycheiniog to connect with nature through events and social media and help ...

A rarely available opportunity to manage the Solway Firth Partnership during exciting expansion. SFP is seeking a replacement Partnership Manager at a time of significant increase to its ...

Are you passionate about a career in nature conservation? Would you like to work in a richly diverse landscape of rugged clifftops, open heaths and sheltered valleys, to restore habitats for wildlife? ...

We’re looking for two passionate and commercially minded ecologists to join us as Ecology and Land Management Advisors. Working on a consultancy basis, these exciting new roles will enable us to ...

If you're looking for a job that’s meaningful, dynamic, and gives you a story to tell every single day - this might be exactly what you’re looking for. ...

As Team Leader Forest Operations, you’ll play a key role in delivering sustainable, multi-functional forestry across approximately 12,000 hectares of the Welsh Government Woodland Estate (WGWE) in Mid ...

Ready for a Role that’s Rewarding, Challenging - and Never Dull? Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? ...

Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? If you're looking for a job that’s meaningful, dynamic, and gives ...

As a Countryside Worker Apprentice, you’ll get stuck into real conservation work while learning on the job and working towards a nationally recognised Level 2 qualification. ...

This is a fantastic opportunity for a graduate with a relevant degree and GIS knowledge to join our passionate, forward-thinking organisation. In this rewarding role, you’ll be at the heart of ...

The Orkney Native Wildlife Project aims to safeguard the unique and internationally important native wildlife of Orkney and the benefits it provides for local people and the economy by addressing the ...

Borders Forest Trust is a woodland conservation charity, with the aim of restoring the ecological balance of the South of Scotland, by bringing native woodlands and their associated natural habitats ...

The Bioacoustics Support Officer will assist data management, processing and checking of audio data from BTO’s large-scale bioacoustics surveys in the UK and Europe. This will entail using ...

Alexandra Park acts as a vital green lung for North London; it offers people an escape from busy city life. Its 196 acres are enjoyed by millions of visitors each year. The Park is home to plants, ...

The Foundation for Common Land (FCL) is seeking a proactive and experienced Project Facilitator to coordinate and manage day-to-day delivery of a dynamic programme of work focused on the ...

We are delighted to be able to provide an exciting traineeship lasting one year. The traineeship will provide the opportunity to work within our Reserves Management team and gain a diverse range of ...

The role of Seabird Monitoring Support Officer will focus on supporting the Seabird Monitoring Programme. You will provide support for the coordination of the survey, database maintenance, the ...

In your role you will be responsible for developing, delivering and overseeing RSPB’s wider countryside conservation work and managing associated staff to ensure conservation of the many species and ...

The overarching role of the Director of Nature Recovery is to lead the Trust’s efforts to drive nature recovery across Hertfordshire and Middlesex. They oversee the strategic development and delivery ...

You will lead the development and implementation of a communication strategy for the East Devon National Landscape, working with our large network of volunteers, ambassadors, partners and press ...

We are looking for a Volunteering Conservation Ranger to help us deliver the volunteering practical conservation programme (Peak Park Conservation Volunteers, PPCV). In the role you will be ...

You’ll be meeting farmers and land-managers to help them to submit applications for the Farming in Protected Landscapes fund. You’ll provide advice and guidance to applicants and support a Local ...

Based in the heart of Queen Elizabeth Forest Park, you’ll supervise a small team, ensure a high-quality visitor experience, and oversee building and trail maintenance. You’ll also coordinate events, ...

We are looking for a 12 month temporary, part-time Project Officer to assist with the management of a major landscape regeneration project for Holly Hill Woodland Park in Fareham. There is ...

BGCI is seeking to appoint a GIS Officer with expertise to support the delivery of a project to generate Area of Habitat maps for tree species. This role will involve the development and ...

In this role, you will work within our amazing Estates team, managing a small team of Area Wardens to deliver reserve management on nature reserves around the Weald and Blean ...

A rare opportunity has come up to join the award-winning White Rose Forest team as Programme Manager. Following an internal promotion, the White Rose Forest is looking to recruit a new ...

Do you have the vision and expertise to lead high-quality landscape and tree services across a large and diverse housing portfolio? If you’re passionate about green space management and want to help ...

Based at the prestigious Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, TCV is looking for an enthusiastic, confident & competent Senior Project Officer. We need someone who can lead this brand new & ...

The Conservation Volunteers are one of the main partners for the London Borough of Waltham Forest, delivering activities which connect people and greenspace. The successful applicant will work with ...

As a Ffermio Bro Advisor, you will be at the heart of transforming the farming landscape by engaging directly with farmers and landowners. Working closely with the Conservation Farm Liaison and other ...

This is a great opportunity for someone looking to establish their career in the parks and conservation field, working with the support of experienced staff within the Greenwich Peninsula Ecology Park ...

This is an excellent opportunity for an enthusiastic, organised and effective professional to join Newcastle Borough Councils Sustainable Environment Service Team to deliver high-quality information ...

Are you a strategic communicator with a passion for policy, public affairs and making a real difference? Do you dream of using your skills to make a real difference in conservation? We have an ...

The Woodland Trust is looking for a People Project Coordinator to form an important part of a new team that will deliver a people transformation project. The project is focused on creating ...

Do you have a passion for inspiring and engaging people with the natural world? Are you experienced in nature-based outdoor learning? Do you want to be part of a groundbreaking project to realise ...

Are you a strategic leader with the confidence to influence across sectors and the passion to drive meaningful change for nature and people? We’re seeking an outstanding individual to lead the ...

The RSPB works to protect habitats, save species, and help to end the nature and climate emergency. We have an exciting opportunity for a self-motivated and passionate individual to join our team as ...

We are looking for someone with experience of working with the farming/ smallholder community and with sound ecological knowledge, particularly of nature friendly farming and ecosystems ...

Can you drive forward our ambition for the recovery of Black Grouse across its range in southern Scotland? We are looking for someone to lead on the development phase for the conservation and recovery ...

The role will support the Innovation in Restoration Project Manager, providing administrative assistance for SCAMP to help deliver outputs on time and within budget. You will have relevant experience, ...

We are looking for an enthusiastic, positive and self-motivated marine specialist who will be responsible for exploring new techniques in seagrass restoration, native oyster and saltmarsh expansion ...

This is an exciting and unique opportunity to join the Solway Firth Partnership (SFP) team to lead the new SCAMP Innovation in Restoration project as Project Manager. Do you have a passion for making ...

Are you ready to make a difference at one of the most crucial landscapes in southern England? The Board of the Conservators of Ashdown Forest have an opportunity to appoint a Deer Management Officer ...

The Marketing & Communications Manager will manage the Marketing & Communications Team to create and deliver highly engaging and inspiring brand content to mobilise key audiences such as funders, ...

Do you want to lead the field in the development of private investment into nature’s recovery? Fundamentally, you will have worked at a senior level as a Managing Director/CEO and have financial ...

Do you love bumblebees as much as we do? This is a unique opportunity to share your love of nature and passion for bumblebees within the stunning Cairngorms National Park, in Scotland, home to some of ...

As our new Legacy Officer, you will be at the heart of some of the most meaningful relationships we build—supporting individuals who want to leave a lasting gift for nature through their will or in ...

As Philanthropy Officer at Cheshire Wildlife Trust, you’ll join a small but fast-paced, purpose-driven Fundraising & Communications team at a critical time for nature. You’ll help identify potential ...

Are you passionate about protecting wildlife and tackling the nature crisis? Are you highly organised, with the ability to respond quickly to new challenges and priorities? Do you have a broad ...

We are seeking an experienced Project Manager to manage the development and delivery of our growing nature-based portfolio as we build a global pipeline of Gold Standard and VERRA registered ...

Are you passionate about the environment and sustainability? Would you like to work in a role that makes a difference to how a company manages its environmental impact? We are looking for an ...

We now have an exciting opportunity for a River Dee Catchment Project Officer to join the CNPA, to lead on the co-production, coordination and delivery of the Dee Resilience Plan in close partnership ...

We are looking for a Beach Warden for our Holme Dunes Reserve to work with our volunteers in monitoring and protecting breeding bird colonies. This role involves conducting regular patrols of the area ...

As an Environment Officer - Land & Water, you'll join one of our frontline regulatory teams, working with businesses, farmers, landowners, and communities to protect and improve the local environment ...

The Environment Agency is the leading public body for protecting and improving the environment in England. Being an Environment Officer is one of our most vital roles. In this position, you'll be ...

Are you passionate about nature, sharing knowledge and empowering others to take action? We have an exciting opportunity to join our team working with schools and communities across Surrey. Surrey ...

We are looking for a Learning & Engagement Coordinator to join our flagship Penpont Project, empowering young people and intergenerational communities to connect with, feel inspired by and take action ...

This is a unique opportunity for a biodiversity or wildlife conservation professional with practical conservation and habitat management expertise and experience leading projects and small teams to ...

We are seeking an experienced Consultant to join our Natural Capital & Sustainable Investment team in Scotland. This is an exciting opportunity to be part of a forward-thinking, ...

Are you creative and imaginative, with a passion for engaging people with the countryside and beautiful landscapes? If so, we’d love to hear from you. North Wessex Downs National Landscape is looking ...

We are looking for a Senior or Principal Marine Ornithologist to join our team to help deliver impactful habitat compensation and monitoring plans for marine renewable energy projects and support in ...

We’re looking for an Environmental Compliance Business Partner to join us and play a vital role in driving our environmental and sustainability objectives across the Airport – from construction ...

As part of the Planning and Sustainability team you’ll maintain high standards of environmental management and compliance. You'll manage the protection of the local environment and communities. ...

You will be overseeing the operational delivery of grants and regulations, achieving woodland outcomes through partnership working and acting as a regional leader advocating sustainable and resilient ...

The post of Borders Volunteer Co-ordinator will provide a rewarding and varied set of tasks. You will be part of a small and enthusiastic team, so we’re looking for an energetic, people person with a ...

To lead the West and Wales technical team and support the delivery of the Strategic Development Plan (SDP). The role requires you to be a decision-maker, working closely with the senior management ...

Could you offer advice and support to farmers, landowners and communities who want to help native insect pollinators? Pollinator Pathways is an imaginative and beautiful solution to the ...

We are looking for someone to assist with routine maintenance and repairs at both Ranger Service managed sites and other greenspaces across the borough. While some tasks will be performed ...

We are seeking a committed and capable Natural Environment Technical Support Officer to provide vital technical, administrative, and field-based support across a wide range of environmental land ...

We’re looking for a Deputy Visitor Services Manager to join our Visitor Services team in the South Region. You’ll be based out of one of the following offices: Gelntress, Ae or Newton ...

We are looking for a detail-oriented and highly organised Data and Information Officer to support the exciting five year National Lottery Heritage Funded Red Squirrel Recovery Network (RSRN) ...

The Rivers Technical Specialist will develop and deliver rivers and wetlands projects, oversee specialist contractors, manage a rivers project officer, advise and support other colleagues delivering ...

Are you a talented individual with drive, enthusiasm and ambition, with a passion for the outdoors and ready to grow a sustainable career? If so, we are recruiting for a combined management ...

In this role you will manage the PeacePlus Nature project. You will be responsible for leading, planning and delivering the programme of conservation, science, data, ecology and local community ...

The Woodland Trust is looking for a Talent and Workforce Planning Lead to implement our defined workforce planning principles across the organisations to ensure the Woodland Trust has the right skills ...

The People Project Partner will form an important part of a new team that will deliver a people transformation project, focused on reviewing and updating people policies, benefits and terms and ...

The Woodland Trust is looking for three People Project Partners - Job Families to form an important part of a new team that will deliver a people transformation project. The project is focused on ...

We are looking for a Park Ranger to undertake the hands on management of a historic, Grade II listed 260 acre estate, made up of parkland, woodland, gardens and lakes. Working alongside the Garden and ...

You will work as Senior Administrator for this partnership programme and be managed by the Senior Programme Manager. As a member of the Programme Management Team, you will provide comprehensive ...

This is an incredible opportunity to support a team to increase the populations of some of Ireland’s most iconic wildlife. You will work as a Finance Officer (International) for this partnership ...

Do you want a role where you know you are making a positive difference for nature in Scotland using your professional expertise? From access rights to carbon credit sales and listed buildings to ...

Meteor have been successfully designing, building and installing environmental monitoring and control solutions for over 25 years. We make it simple to obtain high quality, real-time data in a secure, ...

Opportunities exist for enthusiastic and self-motivated individuals to join our Water Quality Services team in a laboratory orientated role. We have an extensive network of monitoring equipment ...

RSPB Philanthropy Team are looking for an enthusiastic and motivated team player, with strong organisational skills, to be their new Philanthropy Executive. This role offers an exciting opportunity to ...

The Trust is seeking an enthusiastic and highly motivated individual to join our successful and ambitious Water Team, to play a key role in preparing, managing and delivering our prestigious river and ...

Affric Highlands is seeking a passionate and experienced Engagement Manager to lead the community engagement work central to our initiative. This role is all about building strong, ...

We’re seeking an Enterprise Manager to identify, support and grow nature-based business opportunities across the Affric Highlands landscape. Your experience of rural business development and your ...

In this role you will undertake botanical and habitat surveys, reporting on site condition and recommending designation to the Local Wildlife Sites Selection Panel. You will also provide conservation ...

As Campaigns Officer, a key part of your work will be to inspire and mobilise our current supporters to back our campaigns and to reach and recruit new supporters to add their voice. This role will be ...

This role offers the opportunity to develop and implement a programme of work that has a critical role in protecting and restoring wild plants and fungi and to promote sustainable and ethical ...

The Assistant Reserves Officer is one of our team managing and developing the Trust’s nature reserves for people and wildlife. Your work place includes internationally recognised wetlands and ...

This is an exciting opportunity to join the Public Rights of Way and Country Parks Team at Devon County Council. We are recruiting for a Senior Public Rights of Way Officer (Access and Trails) to lead ...

We’re seeking a creative and passionate Engagement Officer to lead the public-facing elements of the Gower Landscape Connections project. This role is all about helping people connect to place - ...

We are looking for a passionate and driven person to lead and deliver the day to day operations across our North West Reserves Region. Delivering the conservation and restoration objectives of the ...

Do you have a proven track record in developing and implementing impactful environmental strategies? Are you looking for a role where your innovative ideas will directly impact drinking water ...

We are looking for a proactive, forward thinking Land Use Strategy Lead to play a crucial role in protecting our drinking water sources. In this role, you'll develop and implement strategies to ensure ...

Do you have a track record of seamlessly collaborating with diverse project teams and external regulators? Are you ready to lead environmental delivery for significant capital programmes? The ...

This is a key opportunity for an experienced Environmental professional to oversee and drive the environmental strategy for South East Water's Major Infrastructure Projects, notably the Broad Oak ...

As Fife Climate Forest Manager you will support the drive, development and strategic direction for the Fife Climate Forest (FCF), as a delivery mechanism for Fife’s Forestry and Woodland Strategy. ...

Do you want to make a long-term difference to the people and environment of Wales? Are you passionate about protecting rare species? We have an exciting opportunity to join our Wales wide Protected ...

We are looking for someone with sound ecological skills and a passion for wildlife to join our management team, taking a leading role in the development and delivery of our work across the wider ...

We are seeking a knowledgeable and dedicated Landscape Advisor to join our team. You will serve as a crucial link between the project and local farmers and land managers, providing guidance on ...

We are seeking an experienced and capable individual to join our Consultancy team as Senior Consultant. The successful candidate will be able to demonstrate experience in either delivering research in ...

Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? If you're looking for a job that’s meaningful, dynamic, and gives ...

Ready for a Role that’s Rewarding, Challenging - and Never Dull? Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? ...

This is an exciting opportunity to join our North Project team and to undertake landscape and catchment-scale habitat restoration and creation across North Yorkshire. As Project Assistant you will ...

Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? If you're looking for a job that’s meaningful, dynamic, and gives ...

Ready for a Role that’s Rewarding, Challenging - and Never Dull? Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? ...

A rare and exciting opportunity has arisen to join our National Trails team. We are seeking an energetic, personable, and resourceful person with hands-on experience in countryside management and ...

We’re offering two unique, paid 1-year trainee roles designed to give you hands-on experience across all aspects of lowland forestry. From tree planting to habitat management, and from ...

The Scottish Ornithologists’ Club (SOC) is seeking a motivated and organised individual to join our team as Assistant Development Officer (ADO). This new post has been created to enhance the Club’s ...

We're looking for a Reserves Assistant (Outreach) to work on NWT managed areas within the Brecks and Fens including the Wissey Wetlands and Brecks Heath Partnership site on a 12-month fixed-term ...

Conservation and nature markets have become a key part of the tool kit for helping nature and climate to thrive. They can help bring in more money where traditional fundraising isn't enough nor is ...

We are looking to recruit a full-time, permanent Senior Reserves Officer to an exciting new hybrid position. This role will initially oversee our East Team and the incredible chalk grassland, wetland ...

Severn Rivers Ecology, the consultancy arm of Severn Rivers Trust, is expanding. We are looking for a dynamic and versatile Ecologist to join our Development Team and help drive the growth of our ...

The Woodland Trust is looking for an Estate Manager in our South East England team, to lead the Estate Team in managing a diverse and extensive woodland estate delivering for nature recovery and trees ...

We’re building capacity and capability within our Wales and West team to allow us to make a positive difference at scale. To support this growth, we’re looking for passionate ecologists at Consultant ...

We’re looking for a GIS Technician with a passion for the environment to join our growing GIS team. This GIS Technician role is designed to allow a professional or graduate with limited previous GIS ...

The Wyre Rivers Trust is a registered charity that has been in operation for several years for the purpose of improving the ecological status of the river Wyre and its catchment. ...

We are looking for a Senior Ecologist or Principal Ecologist who shares our passion for the environment and renewable energy. MacArthur Green has recently been acquired by SLR ...

Are you a creative and commercially-minded leader who’s passionate about nature, community, and creating unforgettable visitor experiences? We’re looking for a Business Development Manager to drive ...

We are looking for someone to fill a new pair of wellies…Do you bore all your friends talking about wetlands? Do you love GIS and data analysis? Do you want to combine the two and help us deliver ...

We are looking for a Reserve Manager for Holme Dunes, who will play a key role in safeguarding and managing one of the region’s most ecologically important coastal landscapes. ...

Across the different conservation systems at Wild Ken Hill, grazing is critical to success and a key driver of nature restoration outcomes. We are entering a stage where the nuances of grazing are ...

Fauna & Flora seeks an experienced leader to build and drive our private sector income strategy at one of the most critical moments for nature and people. The Head of Private Sector ...

For the next three years National Lottery Heritage Fund are supporting our small grants scheme; Caring for the Cotswolds. This role offers an exciting opportunity to join our team and manage a ...

This is a rewarding opportunity for an experienced bat ecologist with a bat survey or research licence to join our committed team and help train and inspire professionals across industries. ...

We are seeking a proactive and personable Business Partnerships & Memberships Manager to lead the growth and management of our business engagement initiatives. This role is pivotal in expanding our ...

Are you passionate about visitor experience and connecting people with nature? We are looking for a Visitor Experience Officer to join our team. The Norfolk Broads Reserves are home to complex ...

Ready for a role that’s rewarding, challenging - and never dull? Are you passionate about nature? Do you have the confidence to strike up conversations with strangers and inspire them to take action? ...

The Peatland Programme Manager will continue the development of RSPB Cymru’s Peatland Programme across Wales at RSPB Cymru, ensuring the pipeline contributes to our conservation priorities for species ...

Are you looking for an exciting career opportunity in waste management, sustainability and the environment? Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole (BCP) Council is looking for someone to ...

We're looking for experienced Ecological Consultants and Senior Ecological Consultants to join our growing team, located in or around Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire regions. ...

Are you passionate about raising funds to make a real difference to nature in the UK? We are seeking an exceptional person to develop our opportunities to secure funding from charitable trusts and ...

Are you a Chartered Landscape Architect with experience of delivering environmental improvement projects, practical nature conservation and a flair for innovative engagement with a wide range ...

We're looking for somebody with the knowledge, passion and energy to lead RSPB Scotland's management at our three North Highland Nature Reserves: Broubster Leans, Dunnet Head and Eilean Hoan. If you ...

As a Senior Environmental Consultant at FiveRivers, you’ll be joining a team of passionate and proactive industry experts with sustainability at its core. FiveRivers are an industry ...

We are seeking an experienced Catchment & Farming Officer to lead on a range of projects which aim to improve water quality, habitat and landscape resilience in the Waveney Catchment. The role will ...

We provide ecology consultancy services to a wide range of clients. We pride ourselves in technical excellence and providing an innovative, pragmatic, client friendly service. This is demonstrated by ...

Ecology by Design is currently looking to recruit both Senior and Principal Ecologists to join our team. Ecology by Design was setup in January 2015 and we have had consistent growth ever since. We ...

If you have excellent IT and data management skills and a background in conservation, land management, life sciences or similar, then this might be the rare opportunity you have been looking for to ...

We’re looking for Senior and Principal level Ecological Consultants to join our growing team, located in the South East of England. The UK continues to experience unprecedented climate and ...

The Conservation Officer will be required to work on the development and delivery of woodland creation and restoration operations, natural and built heritage and countryside access projects and local ...

The Project Manager will be required to work on the development and delivery of visitor experience enhancement, countryside access and interpretation projects linked to conservation of Mourne Park’s ...

To carry out practical ‘hands on’ conservation works at Walkmill Community Woodland and other areas throughout Cumbria. To gain relevant qualifications in countryside, environmental and land-based ...